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«21-րդ ԴԱՐ» No. 5, 2018 29.11.2018

«21-րդ ԴԱՐ» No. 5, 2018


The 5th issue of the «21-րդ ԴԱՐ» (“21st Century”) journal for 2018 has been published by Noravank Foundation. The publication includes articles on the Nakhichevan issue (G. Harutyunyan), Karabakh conflict settlement (H. Pashayan, L. Balayan), historical memory among the students (S. Manukyan), cyber challenges threating the security of Armenia (N. Aghayan), reactions of the Georgian mass media with regard to the status of the Armenian language (V. Sargsyan), the Chinese understanding of worldview (L. Ananyan) and other topics.


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THE PROBLEM OF NAKHICHEVAN IN THE ERA OF WORLD ORDER CHANGES

Gagik Harutyunyan

Resume

Major geopolitical players participate in the geopolitical developments around Nakhichevan and thus, these developments are subject to the logic of complexities that exist in the global dimension. In this context responding to challenges that Armenia faces implies application of analytical methods based on the temporal and space “triad” rules. The article draws parallels between the processes occurring in 1918-1920 and the modern realities. It is evident that Azerbaijan has managed to turn Nakhichevan into an economically developing and well-armed province that poses serious threats to the national security of Armenia. The effective response to the existing threats dictates the need to learn methods of substantiated forecasts and form a political-analytical culture of preparing for the possible scenarios.

OBSTACLES TO THE SETTLEMENT OF KARABAKH CONFLICT

Hrayr Pashayan, Liana Balayan

Resume

The article discusses the political and legal status of the concept of "parties of the conflict", the retirement of the official Stepanakert from the negotiation process on the settlement of the problem and the issues that impede the settlement of the conflict in the context of the current developments around the Karabakh confrontation. It is demonstrated that in addition to the destructive position of Azerbaijan, one of the preconditions for eliminating obstacles that hamper the settlement of the conflict is training of the professionals to deal with the different aspects of the problem and the presentation of its real view to the international community.

THE MEMORIES OF THE 20TH CENTURY AMONG THE STUDENTS

Samvel Manukyan

Resume

The article presents a general overview of the nature of several significant components in the historical memory of the Yerevan State University (YSU) students’ worldview. The study has demonstrated that the historical memory of the 20th century history of Armenia has been significantly undermined. The memories on the two important contexts of the Armenian history, USSR and WWII are also undermined. Another crucial context of the 20th century Armenian history is distorted, which is the USSR as a civilizational and geopolitical Major Space, in which Armenia achieved significant economic, scientific, educational and cultural successes.

CYBER THREATS AS A NEW CHALLENGE TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY OF ARMENIA

Nana Aghayan

Resume

In the postmodern information era the conflicts between the states often deviate from the traditional military format and have a completely different form and content, such as economic, information, psychological, virtual warfare and competition. Therefore, the traditional perceptions and approaches to the national security have changed, too. The modern forms, means, and methods of influence that come to replace the traditional military interventions create new threats and challenges for the national security of the states. The study attempts to present the external threats the Republic of Armenia faces, including various forms of terrorism, particularly cyberterrorism and the hybrid warfare tactics deployed by Azerbaijan against Armenia and Artsakh in the context Karabakh conflict. The importance of a powerful security system to be established by the government in order to resist and counter these threats is emphasized.

THE PROBLEMS OF ARMENIAN ESTATES AND HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL LEGACY IN TURKEY

Vahram Hovyan

Resume

The Armenians in Turkey face a number of challenges, and the issue of Armenian estates and historical/cultural legacy is one of them. Although certain progress has been observed in return of church property, the situation is far from being good, which in turn, negatively affects the community structures, particularly the activities of educational institutions, causing conflicts and division inside the community. Turkey approaches the Armenian historical/cultural legacy primarily from the economic perspective, restoring the Armenian churches and using them as tourist attractions. The monuments that are not interesting from the touristic viewpoint continue to be destroyed through government action or inaction, sold to private individuals or used for other purposes, turning them into state of disrepair due to the indifference of the authorities.

THE ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY OF HISTORICAL ARMENIA: SPARAPET SMBAT

Tatul Manaseryan

Resume

Sparapet (Supreme Commander) Smbat had a sizable contribution in shaping the economic diplomacy, governance and establishment of its institutional foundation in historical Armenia. Numerous legal provisions developed by this renowned statesman, military commander and intellectual have been borrowed by the neighboring, as well as European countries, subsequently becoming a basis for national legislations. Even a brief summary of Sparapet Smbat’s activities is essential for an unbiased assessment of the Armenian identity, self-perception and revaluation of time-tested approaches to the modern challenges.

THE DISCUSSION IN GEORGIAN MEDIA ABOUT AWARDING A STATUS TO THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE

Vahe Sarkisyan

Resume

The Armenian language as the native tongue of the local ethnic population of Javakhk region in Georgia does not have any legal status. Despite the necessity of awarding the Armenian a legal status of the regional language is clearly asserted in the request presented to the Georgian authorities by the Javakhk Armenians, as well as in the international (European) rights, the Georgian authorities continue rejecting this. Georgia has not ratified the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages yet (Strasbourg, November 5, 1992). The above mentioned rejection is entirely supported by the Georgian social-political leaders, who sharply criticize the declaration by the president Serzh Sargsyan on the necessity of recognition of Armenian as a regional language.

ON THE ISSUE OF THE CHINESE UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLD ORDER

Liana Ananyan

Resume

The research addresses the Chinese worldview of the world order. The main Chinese philosophical movements are presented in this article, which have become a basis for the Chinese worldview in formulating political thought and ideals. The subject of the study particularly involves the three main directions of philosophy that are crucial in shaping the Chinese political thought. Peculiarities of Daoism, Confucianism and Legalism are covered. The article explains a number of Chinese terms, in order to make evident the perception specifics of the Chinese world order.

FEATURES OF THE TAX LEGISLATION OF THE EAEU

Aram L. Tavadyan

Resume

The article presents direct and indirect taxes of the tax legislation of the EAEU countries. The indirect taxes and the principles of their coordination in the countries of the Union are analyzed. The article presents a number of various opportunities for improving tax legislation in Armenia.

FROM THE KARABAKH MOVEMENT'S PREPARATORY STAGE HISTORY: THE COOPERATION OF TATUL KRPEYAN AND IGOR MURADYAN

Irina Barsegyan-Krpeyan

Resume

Tatul Krpeyan, participant of Karabakh movement and Karabakh war, the organizer and commander-in-chief of Getashen sub-region self-defense, National Hero of Armenia (awarded posthumously) and the bearer of the highest Order of Fatherland (20.09.1996), was a member of “Miatsum” public organization, led by Igor Muradyan, the founder of Karabakh movement and Karabakh Committee. In addition to the close ideological, political and military cooperation, warm friendly relations were formed between them, the memories on which are published for the first time.


   

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