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AUTHOR GUIDELINES (70 Kb)

 SPIRITUAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND ISSUES OF ALLIANCE MAKING IN HYBRID REALITIES

Gagik Harutyunyan, Ara Marjanyan

Resume

The article shows that the constructive development of societies is possible only if there is a positive interconnection between the cultural/civilizational and knowledge resources. This precondition is especially important in the current conditions of global and multi-polar hybrid confrontations. This reality, in turn, makes the issue of choosing alliances among different countries an exceptionally relevant matter. In this context, the article analyzes the results of a large-scale survey conducted by WIN/Gallup Int. in 2016 in 68 countries of the world to find out public preferences in selecting military allies. As a result of the analysis, the politico-cultural and politicoeconomic motives and perceptions have been uncovered, prompted by which the societies in some countries choose military allies, particularly when such choice falls on Russia, USA or China.

GLOBAL REGIONS, GENERATIONAL WAVES AND HISTORIC POLICY

Ara H. Marjanyan

Resume

The article presents the classical and new approaches in the Brandt Report in defining the South and North global regions. The typical “age-sex pyramids” of population are reviewed. The concepts of a generation’s “dominant cohort” and “pilot wave” are introduced. The “civilizational payload” of generation waves is reviewed. A comparative study of age-sex pyramid diagrams for Armenia and Azerbaijan is implemented. The concept of “civilizational fault” is formulated. The need of implementing an adequate historical policy is emphasized for ensuring evolutionary and uninterrupted development of Armenia.

TURKEY IN WORLD WAR II: ALLIES AND ENEMIES

Christine Melkonyan

Resume

Due to its strategic geographical position, before and during the World War II Turkey became an object of rivalry between the three centers of power — Germany, UK and France, as well as the USSR.
Balancing between the powers of the Axis and Allies, Turkey showed it was not inclined to openly support any of the sides, adhering to neutrality. Turkey led anti-Soviet policy, receiving military technical assistance from both sides of the conflict. Only on February 23, 1945 Turkey abandoned its position of neutrality and entered the World War II on the winning side.

THE ARMENIAN FACTOR IN RUSSIAN - TURKISH RELATIONS: А HISTORICAL SKETCH

Taron Sakoyan

Resume

The article reviews the history and specificity of Russian-Turkish relations, and particularly focuses on the rapprochement of the aforementioned countries, analyzing its essence and motives. Above all, the Armenian factor and its historical significance in the relationship between Russia and Turkey are presented.

THE PROBLEM OF NAGORNO-KARABAKH IN THE CONTEXT OF ARMENIAN-TURKISH RELATIONS

Davit Safaryan

Resume

The article presents the perceptions of the Nagorno-Karabakh problem in the Turkish socio-political discourse and its dependence on the Azerbaijani position, the response of the Turkish politicians and analysts to the Artsakh related matters, as well as certain results of Turkish media monitoring conducted over the years with the author’s participation. Since the early stage of deploying the “Football Diplomacy” it was already obvious that normalization of the Armenian-Turkish relations would face an insurmountable Turkish parliamentary obstacle, as the opposition leaders on behalf of the entire “Turkic world” accused the ruling party of betraying the “Azerbaijani brothers”. The precondition set forth by Turkey and based on the unequivocal pro-Azerbaijani position in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, in the foreseeable future makes it impossible to move the normalization of relations with Armenia beyond the deadlock.

NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT IN: ARE THE SIDES STRENGTHENING THE STATUS QUO OR GETTING READY TO WAR?

Roman Karapetyan

Resume

The article presents the peculiarities of the current stage of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement process, in particular the positions of the negotiating parties on the issues that are the subject of the conflict. The other side of the issue is that there are external actors involved in the conflict settlement process that have their own interests. Another major issue of this study is the analysis of the conflict settlement prospects based on both the above mentioned factors and the dynamics of the negotiation process, as well as on several changes in tactical approaches of the parties. The study also presents the position of the new leader of the Republic of Armenia, Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan on the Karabakh issue and compares it with the position of the official Yerevan before the change of power.

THE ROLE OF ISLAM IN BUILDING THE “AZERBAIJANI” NATIONAL IDENTITY

Gayane Chobanyan

Resume

“Azerbaijani” national identity is based on the synthesis of the ideology of Turkism and the so-called “cultural” or “national” Islam. Most of the population of Azerbaijan identifies themselves as Muslim regardless of the low degree of religiousness. For them, being Muslim is not a religious affiliation, but an ethno-cultural identity. Till the end of the 1930s, Turkic-speaking Muslim-Tatar population of the South Caucasus that now is called “Azerbaijani”, did not have a common ethnonym. They were officially called “Muslims”, “Transcaucasian Muslims”, “Tatars”, “Transcaucasian Tatars”, etc. However, Turkic-speaking Muslims identified themselves as part of the Islamic Ummah and preferred to be called “Muslim”. Islam played a major role in consolidation of the Tatars in the Russian Empire. The predominance of national-Turkic identity over the religious one among the Caucasian Tatars began only in the second half of the 20th century. There were several factors that contributed to this process, such as the social-economic progress, industrialization, urbanization, increasing education, secularization and geopolitical challenges.

THE COMPONENT OF SOFT POWER IN ARMENIA-IRAN RELATIONS

Hayk Sargsyan

Resume

Despite the fact that the concept of “soft power” was initially formed and developed in the West, since then it has been incorporated into the arsenal of foreign policy tools of various geopolitical actors. Armenia-Iran relations are not an exception in this sense: soft power has played a unique “gluing” role in them - creating favorable conditions to further deepen these relations. The article aims at exploring manifestations of soft power and “soft cooperation” in Armenia-Iran interactions and to demonstrate the importance of those in development of bilateral relations.

COMPARATIVE DIASPORA STUDIES: THE GREEK EXPERIENCE

Vahram Hovyan

Resume

The Greek and Armenian Diasporas are comparable in size. Geographically, there are both commonalities and differences between them. The agenda problems of the both Diasporas are almost the same, which provides a common ground for cooperation between the two brotherly people. The comparative study of Greek and Armenian diasporas shows that: a) in order to bring the activities of the government and nongovernment organizations working with diaspora to a higher institutional level, it is worth creating a council of such organizations under the leadership of the Ministry of Diaspora, b) the Greek model of diaspora self-organization based on a multi-level (four-level) confederacy can be localized in Armenian realities.