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«21-й ВЕК», №3, 2017 18.10.2017

«21-й ВЕК», №3, 2017

The third issue of the «21-й ВЕК» (“21st Century”) journal for 2017 has been published. The journal features articles about the political symbolism of the Third Republic (S. Zolyan), shaping a “security mindset” and toolkit of the “soft power” (E. Atanesyan, N. Minasyan), theoretical and applied problems of foreign policy (A. Navasardyan, D. Stepanyan, G. Kolarov, S. Vardumyan), economic issues (I. Sokhakyan, V. Davtyan, V. Odabashian, A. Harutyunyan, L. Samvelyan), and other matters.


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THE POLITICAL SYMBOLISM OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC: IN QUEST FOR IDENTITY

Suren Zolyan

Resume



Armenia gained independence in a complex political and ideological context. In the 1990s, the officially adopted political discourses on national identity were introduced, along with a system of symbols for their representation (coat-of-arms, flag, anthem, etc.). New interpretations of history, new narratives and cults of heroes and martyrs were created or re-created. This process was accompanied by a very strong political and ideological competition between the three main discourses, interpreting in different ways the fact of independent statehood and representing it as: 1) an unprecedented new reality (creation of the nation): 2) the restoration of the Republic of Armenia in (1918 – 1920); 3) raising the status of Armenia into an independent state. Currently, instead the further synthesis of these three concepts, the concept of primordial, eternal and unchanged nation and identity appears to be prevailing.

ON SOME ASPECTS OF SHAPING A “SECURITY MINDSET”

Eduard Atanesyan

Resume

The national security issue occupies a special place in the public/political agenda of any country. However, not everywhere it is perceived as a universal key for determining long-term development. The basis of future rests first of all on a state’s ability to survive in an aggressive environment, and only after that comes the turn of addressing aspirations and implementing programs stemming from them.

THE CONCEPT OF “SOFT POWER” IN THE THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Narek Minasyan

Resume

The article aims at reviewing the concept of “soft power” in the context of international relations. The process of the concept’s emergence is present, along with the problems that preconditioned its creation. The article reviews the liberal theory of international relations, based on the concept of “soft power” and its connection with the neorealism theory.
It is claimed in the article, that although the concept of “soft power” is a part of the liberal theory, it still does not contradict to the theory of neorealism.

POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC NEGOTIATIONS - 2

Arman Navasardyan

Resume

The article is the continuation of the previous one, discussing the last three phases (6-8) of the negotiation process. As our approach to conflict settlement by the means of negotiating process is not only political, but also a social-psychological phenomenon, we consider that the goal of negotiations is either to form a specific position by the partners, or to change the position they had, which, however, is not in their interests. For the mentioned reason the second part of the article covers the theory of social positions, and the methods that enable to change or strengthen those positions depending on the goals and priorities of the parties.

THE REASONS AND PROSPECTS OF THE CHANGES IN THE US FOREIGN POLICY

David Stepanyan

Resume

The article tries to conceptualize the ongoing global processes with participation of global actors. Based on the recent developments in the internal American politics, relations between the USA and Russia, actions of President Donald Trump in relations to Iran, Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, an attempt is made to link those together in a single chain. Also the reasons for certain time-serving changes in the original foreign policy priorities of the Trump administration are analyzed, first of all with regard to the Middle East.

THE ISSUE OF DEVELOPING COOPERATION AND PARTNERSHIP NETWORKS IN THE PROCESS OF CREATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Vahe Odabashian

Resume

Strategic cooperation is one of the main issues in the area of technology innovation. The article examines various aspects, opportunities and risks related to developing cooperation and partnership networks in the process of creating innovative technologies. Based on an analysis of literature, practices of innovative enterprises and author’s own experiences, the relevant components/sub-problems are uncovered for the given issue that are most important from the management perspective of the mentioned process.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR ARMENIA’S DEVELOPMENT WITH DIVERSIFIED ECONOMY

Ishkhan Sokhakyan

Resume

The energy sector of Armenia is one of the most attractive and well-resourced industries for innovations, including the fundamental ones. This circumstance is related to the sector’s special role as a main bridge through which the country is connected with the world economy and processes of globalization occurring there.
Armenia can gain better positions by solving the issues of energy sector development. Construction of the fifth unit of Hrazdan TPP would bring about a new geoeconomic and political situation in South Caucasus, as the opponents of Armenia would encounter with new conditions, whereby Armenia might become an industrial nation with diversified economy.

FOREIGN TRADE PROBLEMS OF NKR UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORTATION BLOCKADE

Vahe Davtyan, Armen Harutyunyan, Liana Samvelyan

Resume

The foreign trade problems of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic under the conditions of the lack of recognition and transportation blockade are analyzed. The historical preconditions of the transportation infrastructure development of Nagorno-Karabakh are presented and the main difficulties that prevented the economic development of the NKAA during the Soviet period are uncovered. The political and economic importance of the Lachin corridor contributing to NKR's foreign trade activity is noted. It is shown that today, the economic problems of NKR are connected with the status of the unrecognized state, therefore foreign trade is carried out through Armenia. High rates of economic growth of NKR are noted and economic opportunities opened for NKR with the entry of Armenia into the EEU are analyzed.

THE REFLECTION OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES IN THE FOCUS OF REGIONAL PROBLEMS (RA – NKR)

Suren Vardumyan

Resume

The main conceptual challenge of the Third Millennium is the development of a fundamentally different paradigm of the formation and development of a Person's ability to change the perception of Reality. Consequently, without changing the ideas about the realities of the modern World, the true, qualitative and ascending development of the Total Created by Маn is impossible. The change of ideas about the realities in the modern World, in its turn, is aimed at securing and consistent expansion of the limits of reflection around the possible changes in the World Order of the future. Further in the article, with the help of new methods for modeling systemic-thinking-activity schemes, representations of the future Global Order – with a general outline description of its main features are provided. Thereafter, through localization in order to understand the main challenges faced by the Republic of Armenia (together with the Republic of Artsakh/NKR), three scenarios for the development of “our nearby World” are presented and analyzed for 10, 20 and 30 years ahead, along with possible influences-echoes of the latter on the probable changes and predictable realities of the region in general, and the Republic of Armenia in particular.

WHY THE RECENT TERRORIST ATTACKS HAPPENED SPECIFICALLY IN SPAIN

Georgi Kolarov

Resume

The article reviews the complicated socioeconomic and military-political situation in the Kingdom of Spain before and after the terrorist attacks in Barcelona and other towns of Catalonia. The responsibility of some left-wing parties and politicians is noted for the recent drastic change in the demographic balance of the country with increased number of Sunni Muslims, mostly from Maghreb. An attempt is made to analyze the criminogenic social positions of people of Moroccan descent, against the background of impermissibly high levels of crime in Spain and inability of Spanish law enforcement agencies to tackle the threat of terrorism.

I.K. AIVAZOVSKY. THE WORLD AS WIND FROM SEA

Rouben Angaladyan


   

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