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THE CONTRIBUTION OF D.M. LANG IN VALUING THE CIVILIZATIONAL LEGACY OF ARMENIA

Eduard L. Danielyan

Resume

Professor David Marshall Lang (1924-1991), a British historian has a special place among the scholars of Armenian, Oriental and Caucasian Studies by the virtue of his study and evaluation of the Armenian civilizational legacy. He authored a number of books, such as The Armenians (1976), Armenia: Cradle of Civilization (1970, 1978), and The Peoples of the Hills: Ancient Ararat and Caucasus (1988).
As it stems from Lang’s concept, the characteristic feature of the civilizational history is a category of cultural continuity. Highly appreciating the civilizational significance of Armenia, D. Lang wrote in his Armenia: Cradle of Civilization: “The ancient land of Armenia is situated in the high mountains... Although Mesopotamia with its ancient civilizations of Sumer and Babylon, is usually considered together with Egypt as the main source of civilized life in the modern sense, Armenia too has a claim to rank as one of the cradles of human culture. To begin with, Noah’s Ark is stated in the Book of Genesis to have landed on the summit of Mount Ararat, in the very centre of Armenia…. Armenia has a claim on our attention as one of the principal homes of ancient metallurgy, beginning at least five thousand years ago. Later on, Armenia became the first extensive kingdom to adopt Christianity as a state religion pioneering a style of Church architecture which anticipates our own Western Gothic.”

HISTORY ARGUMENTS IN THE NEGOTIATION PROCESS OF KARABAKH CONFLICT RESOLUTION

Alexander Manasyan

Resume

The OSCE, which has received the mandate for the Karabakh conflict resolution as a mediator, does not consider the involvement of the historical arguments of the parties in the negotiation process to be constructive. This explains the fact that the co-chair countries of OSCE Minsk Group do not make direct references to the history of the conflict in their proposals. However, the history, as the facts show, penetrates into the negotiation discourse in explicit and implicit ways and it is being manifested in conflict resolution projects suggested by the mediators and in the documents accepted by all the sides of the conflict. It turns out that the negotiating discourse cannot bypass the history of the conflict in principle, if it adopts a strategy for its resolution that rejects the use of force or the threat of force. In fact, the mediators prohibit using historical facts during the negotiation process only if the latter are being provided by the sides of the conflict. They keep the privilege of inserting the history into the negotiation process exceptionally for themselves. And they do it selectively, according to their criteria օf political expediency. Moreover, it is usually done in a covert manner, without direct references to the history. If in 1990s, the Minsk Group co-chairs' brought the history into the negotiation process in their proposal about the Common state of Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh, nowadays the same is being done under the guise of compromise or revision of the status-quo. It also turns out that not only the mediators, but also the parties of the conflict cannot close the doors in front of history in their rhetoric and adopted documents.

CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AND IDEOLOGY

Gagik Harutyunyan

Resume

The article corroborates the concept that public safety is significantly determined by the prevalent ideological system, which should be considered as a critical area, while its components as critical infrastructures. A brief comparative analysis of various countries’ experience shows that the military-political and economic competitiveness is achieved by the countries that are able to form an “ideological triad” through combination of liberal, socialist and national-conservative ideologies.

UNIVERSE OF WORDS: FREQUENTLY USED WORDS DICTIONARIES AND GOOGLE N-GRAMS

Ara H. Marjanyan

Resume

The article reviews the creation history of frequently used words dictionaries, national language text corpora and Big Data. The revolutionary opportunities offered by Google N-grams are described. Long-term period analysis of some frequently used words and phrases is presented. The challenges and problems that Armenian analysts community faces are defined in terms of Armenian language text corpora and tools for the analysis thereof. The importance of creation of Armenian national frequently used text corpus and role of Armenian-language web in it are highlighted.

IMPACT OF INFLATION AND NATIONAL CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH

Ashot Tavadyan

Resume

The following principal objectives – stable economic growth, balanced foreign trade, high level of employment and price stability – represent a unified system. Price stability is an extremely important objective. However, this stability should be ensured taking into account the interrelations of the economic system, optimally coordinating the rate of inflation with the key economic indicators.
The main task of monetary policy is not to insure minimum inflation at all costs, but to have a refinancing rate corresponding to reality and inflation, and most conducive to economic growth and exports.
In order to harmonize monetary policy in the EAEU countries, it is necessary to achieve that inflation rate in the EAEU countries does not exceed 5.5%, taking into account the interrelation of inflation with other key indicators, At the same time, an agreed refinancing rate should be adopted. From the point of view of economic growth, it is extremely important to strictly implement the requirements of the Treaty on the EAEU, especially regarding inflation and monetary policy.

ARMENIAN COMMUNITIES OF THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST IN THE CURRENT PHASE: THE ISSUE OF REPATRIATION

Vahram Hovyan

Resume

Repatriation by the level of its organization can be planned and spontaneous. The current limited means do not allow the Republic of Armenia to carry out planned repatriation. Meanwhile, processes occurring in the Near and Middle East pose serious challenges to be faced by the Armenian communities of the region, increasing the chances for spontaneous repatriation from there.
In order to be prepared for possible waves of spontaneous repatriation, the following practical steps need to be taken: establishing a fund for repatriation, implementing repatriation programs by charities, recording unused lands to allot those to repatriates, adopting special tax policies for repatriates, establishing an information support center, affordable housing policies, and improving legislation on repatriation.

MANIFESTATION OF COMPUTER SYNDROME DURING PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPEECH DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY

Siranush Antonyan

Resume

Psychological development of the child starts to become unique process when in the sensitive period of speech development computer activities begin to play a special role in perception, cognition and communication. Abuse of and addiction to computer activities contribute to speech delay, often along with delays in psychological development of child as well. Studies have revealed some of the symptoms manifested as a result of the abuse and dependence on computer activities in children with psychological and speech developmental delay, which together form the computer syndrome.
Although the studies require continuity, deep and multidisciplinary approach, it has to be noted that in the 21st century, the spread of the above-mentioned computer syndrome among children is possible to gradually shape a new kind of human cultural development, who with some reservations can be called a “humancomputer”.

TECHNOLOGICAL ADDICTION AS A PROBLEM

Samvel Asatryan

Resume

The article discusses the problem of technological addiction. The scientific approaches of different authors with regard to the technological addiction are analyzed. The results of the social survey on the issue conducted by the author are also presented.